DNA is a self duplicating material present in all living organisms; hence it is the carrier of genetic information. In simple words, DNA is the primary constituent of chromosomes that carry a complete set of information for creating a human being. Scientific researches over the years have improved our understanding of DNA which has dramatically revolutionized the world. Let’s look at some ways DNA has impacted our world.
Shows our origin
DNA analysis gives people the ability to find out more information about their ancestors or where they come from. Many people have had the ability to research which type of major group they belong to through DNA analysis and consequently find out more about geographical distributions of people.
It Helps scientists understand inherited diseases.
Before DNA analysis came into existence, genetic diseases were very baffling for scientists and doctors who encountered them. Sir Archibald Edward Garrod was the first person in 1902 to associate a human condition with inheritance, and scientists were able to gradually discover more and more genetic disorders like sickle cell and Down syndrome. According to the Eurofins genomics blog, although most genetic diseases are incurable, understanding them is the first big step to treating them and eventually finding their cure.
It helps predict inherited diseases.
The understanding of inherited diseases helps predict them. According to science, some genetic diseases are caused by genetic factors acting in unison, such as cancer resulting from cellular changes due to genetic mutations. In 1990, BRCA1 was named the first gene linked with increased susceptibility to familial breast and ovarian cancer. A second gene known as BRCA2 was also identified with more research. That has led to the introduction of breast cancer screening tests for women whose families carry an altered form of the genes.
Showed the deepest history of humankind
Through DNA analysis and research, we get to learn of the most profound history in humankind. For instance, evidence suggests that the first anatomically modern humans emerged around 200,000 years ago in Africa.
Solves crimes
Colin pitchfork was the initial person to be found guilty of murder in 1988 based on DNA evidence. His DNA sample was analyzed and matched to a tissue sample found at the crime scene, and he was sentenced to life imprisonment. DNA fingerprinting had also been previously used on a suspect who had confessed to the crime, so it proved that the admission was wrong and saved an innocent person from a jail term. Since then, DNA fingerprinting has revolutionized forensics and is a vital tool in identifying suspects and solving crimes today.
Reunited families
DNA analysis has been used widely to reunite families by establishing paternity and blood relations. As such, millions of people who would have never known who their families are, especially fathers, have been successful through DNA technology. This type of DNA testing plays a crucial role in legal processes in immigration and child custody cases.
The bottom line
Our growing understanding of DNA has revolutionized many things, from understanding and treating genetic diseases to fascinating discoveries that have shaped scientific and health research worldwide.